Business culture - IELTS Listening with Practice test, Audio, Transcript, And Explanation

Luyện tập đề IELTS Listening Practice với bài Business culture được lấy từ cuốn sách IELTS CAM Inspired 09 - Test 2 - Section 4 với trải nghiệm thi IELTS trên máy và giải thích đáp án chi tiết bằng Linearthinking.

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👂️ Audio and questions

Business culture

Power culture
Characteristics of the organisation
Small
1.
            
﻿
 source of power
Few established rules and processes
Communication by 2.
            
﻿
Advantage
Able to respond rapidly
Disadvantage
May not operate 3.
            
﻿
Suitable employee
Comfortable with 4.
            
﻿
Does not require job security
Role culture
Characteristics of the organisation
Large, with many 5.
            
﻿
Specialist departments
Rules and procedures, including job 6.
            
﻿
 and disciplinary rules
Advantages
Economies of scale
Successful when 7.
            
﻿
 expertise matters
Disadvantages
Slow to realise when 8.
            
﻿
 is required
Slow to respond
Suitable employee
Values security
Does not seek 9.
            
﻿
Task culture
Characteristics of the organisation
Based around projects
Typical of competitive markets and short-life products
Advantage
10.
            
﻿

❓ Transcript

Business Culture

You will hear a lecturer describing several types of organizational culture.

First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.

Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.

Good morning.

Whether you plan to study business at university or choose another discipline, many of you will eventually work for some form of company.

When you enter an organization, you'll soon notice that it has particular social characteristics.

We call these its culture, the unwritten assumptions, beliefs, and values that shape how it operates.

One influential writer divided organizational cultures into four main types.

The first is power culture, usually associated with small organizations.

To operate successfully, it requires a central source of power.

Because control rests with only one or two individuals, the organization has relatively few formal rules or procedures.

Communication generally occurs through conversations rather than written memoranda or official meetings.

An advantage of this culture is speed.

The business can respond rapidly both to threats and to new opportunities.

Its weakness is that it may not always act effectively.

The organization depends heavily on the few people at the top, and if they make poor decisions, others have little influence over them.

Employees suited to this culture are comfortable taking risks and place little importance on job security.

The second type is role culture.

That's role, R-O-L-E, rather than role.

It normally appears in large companies containing many different levels.

Such organizations have specialist departments responsible for areas such as finance, sales, and maintenance.

A small senior management group coordinates those departments, while rules and procedures define individual jobs.

These include formal job descriptions and disciplinary regulations.

This culture offers several benefits.

In a large organization, fixed costs are low in relation to total output, producing economies of scale.

It also succeeds in markets where technical ability is particularly important.

However, role culture is often slow to recognize when change is necessary and slower still to respond.

It suits employees who value security and prefer not to accept responsibility.

The third category is task culture, found in organizations structured around projects.

It commonly develops where markets are highly competitive or products have short lives.

Senior managers assign projects, staff, and other resources.

Once those have been allocated, they exercise little daily control because intervening would be seen as violating the system.

A major advantage of task culture is that it is flexible.

However, it cannot easily achieve economies of scale or develop great depth of expertise.

People who enjoy working in teams tend to prefer this culture.

Finally, the fourth category is known as person culture.

That is the end of part four.

You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.

🔥 Answer key (đáp án và giải thích)

central

Giải thích chi tiết

❓ Câu hỏi: To operate successfully, it requires a ___ source of power.

🎯 Xác định loại từ cần điền:

Sau mạo từ a và trước cụm danh từ source of power, chỗ trống cần điền là một tính từ.
Cụm cần nghe là đặc điểm mô tả của power culture, cụ thể là loại nguồn quyền lực trong tổ chức.

✅ Đáp án đúng: central

▶️ Bắt đầu nghe ở: câu giới thiệu về the first is power culture và đặc điểm của loại hình văn hóa tổ chức đầu tiên này.

☺️ Giải thích đáp án:

Trước khi nghe, xác định từ khóa quan trọng là operate successfully, source of power, và nội dung đang nói về power culture.
Khi nghe đến câu giới thiệu “The first is power culture”, bạn cần tập trung ngay vì thông tin đáp án sẽ xuất hiện ngay sau đó.
Trong bài nghe có câu: “To operate successfully, it requires a central source of power.”
Từ central là tính từ bổ nghĩa cho source of power, hoàn toàn khớp với cấu trúc ngữ pháp của câu hỏi.
Vì vậy, đáp án đúng là central.

🧐 Lưu ý: ❌ power => dễ bị nhầm vì xuất hiện nhiều lần trong đoạn nghe, nhưng câu hỏi cần một tính từ đứng trước source of power, không phải danh từ lặp lại. ❌ small => đây là thông tin xuất hiện ở câu trước trong cụm small organizations, nhưng không dùng để mô tả source of power.

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IELTS Listening Practice

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Business culture - IELTS Listening with Practice test, Audio, Transcript, And Explanation

👂️ Audio and questions

❓ Transcript

🔥 Answer key (đáp án và giải thích)

Giải thích chi tiết

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