Sleepy students perform worse

📖 Bài đọc (reading passage)

Sleepy Students Perform Worse
A
A. Staying up an hour or two past bedtime makes it far harder for kids to learn, say scientists who deprived youngsters of sleep and tested whether their teachers could tell the difference. They could. If parents want their children to thrive academically, “Getting them to sleep on time is as important as getting them to school on time," said psychologist Gahan Fallone, who conducted the research at Brown Medical School.
B
B. The study, unveiled Thursday at an American Medical Association (AMA) science writers meeting, was conducted on healthy children who had no evidence of sleep- or learning-related disorders. Difficulty paying attention was among the problems the sleepy youngsters faced - raising the question of whether sleep deprivation could prove even worse for people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD. Fallone now is studying that question, and suspects that sleep problems “could hit children with ADHD as a double whammy”.
C
C. Sleep experts have long warned that Americans of all ages do not get enough shuteye. Sleep is important for health, bringing a range of benefits that, as Shakespeare put it, “knits up the ravelled sleave of care”. Not getting enough is linked to a host of problems, from car crashes as drivers doze off to crippled memory and inhibited creativity. Exactly how much sleep correlates with school performance is hard to prove. So, Brown researchers set out to test whether teachers could detect problems with attention and learning when children stayed up late - even if the teachers had no idea how much sleep their students actually got.
D
D. They recruited seventy-four 6- to 12-year-olds from Rhode Island and southern Massachusetts for the three-week study. For one week, the youngsters went to bed and woke up at their usual times. They already were fairly good sleepers, getting nine to 9.5 hours of sleep a night. Another week, they were assigned to spend no fewer than ten hours in bed a night. The other week, they were kept up later than usual: First -and second-graders were in bed no more than eight hours and the older children no more than 6.5 hours. In addition to parents’ reports, the youngsters wore motion detecting wrist monitors to ensure compliance.
E
E. Teachers were not told how much the children slept or which week they stayed up late, but rated the students on a variety of performance measures each week. The teachers reported significantly more academic problems during the week of sleep deprivation, the study, which will be published in the journal Sleep in December, concluded. Students who got eight hours of sleep or less a night were more forgetful, had the most trouble learning new lessons, and had the most problems paying attention, reported Fallone, now at the Forest Institute of Professional Psychology
F
F. Sleep has long been a concern of educators. Potter-Burns Elementary School Sends notes to parents reminding them to make sure students get enough sleep prior to the school’s yearly achievement testing. Another school considers it important enough to include in the school’s monthly newsletters. Definitely, there is an impact on students’ performance if they come to school tired. However, the findings may change physician practice, said Dr. Regina Benjamin, a family physician in Bayou La Batre, who reviewed the data at the Thursday’s AMA meeting.“I don't ask about sleep” when evaluating academically struggling students, she noted. “I’m going to start.”
G
G. So how much sleep do kids need? Recommended amounts range from about ten to eleven hours a night for young elementary students to 8.5 hours for teens. Falloneinsists that his own second-grader get ten hours a night, even when it meant dropping soccer - season that practice did not start until 7:30 — too late for her to fit in dinner and
time to wind down before she needed to be snoozing. “It’s tough,” he acknowledged, but “parents must believe in the importance of sleep."

❓ Câu hỏi (questions)

Traffic accidents are sometimes caused by lack of sleep.

The number of children included in the study

How two schools are trying to deal with the problem

How the effect of having less sleep was measured

Complete the sentences.

Fallone is now studying the sleep patterns of children with ﻿.
The researchers used ﻿ that show movement to check that children went to bed at the right time.
Students with less sleep had problems with memory, remembering new material, and ﻿.
Fallone admitted that it was ﻿ for children to get enough sleep.

The results of the study were first distributed to principals of American schools

Some of the children in the study had previously shown signs of sleeping problems.

The study could influence how doctors deal with children’s health problems.

Fallone does not let his daughter play soccer.

Staying up later is acceptable if the child is doing homework

🔥 Answer key (đáp án và giải thích)

Giải thích chi tiết

Ứng dụng Linearthinking để giải quyết dạng bài Matching Information

📌 Dạng Matching Information chúng ta nên làm cuối cùng, sau khi đã làm các dạng câu hỏi khác nhé DOLBIES, bởi vì lúc này mình đã đọc và hiểu nội dung của bài rồi → sẽ nhanh chóng tìm được vị trí đáp án hơn!!

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Step 1: Phân tích câu hỏi (Matching Information) Traffic accidents are sometimes caused by lack of sleep .

Dự đoán thông tin cần tìm (SPECIFY):

Phải có một hậu quả liên quan giao thông (vd: car crash/accident/driver…).
Và phải nói rõ nguyên nhân/ mối liên hệ với thiếu ngủ (vd: lack of sleep / not enough sleep / sleep deprivation) + cụm thể hiện quan hệ cause / lead to / be linked to.

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Step 2: Locate bằng chứng Thông tin này nằm ở PARAGRAPH C, câu: “ Not getting enough (sleep) is linked to a host of problems, from car crashes as drivers doze off to crippled memory and inhibited creativity .”

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Step 3: Đối chiếu paraphrasing

Traffic accidents ⇔ car crashes
lack of sleep ⇔ Not getting enough (sleep)
are sometimes caused by ⇔ is linked to (không nói “cause” trực tiếp, nhưng diễn đạt quan hệ nguyên nhân–hệ quả/đóng góp mạnh)

⇒ Đoạn C đúng vì có đủ: thiếu ngủ + tai nạn giao thông + mối liên hệ nguyên nhân/hệ quả.

❌ Những đáp án “bẫy” hay dính

Bẫy đoạn A/E: có “sleep deprivation” và “performance problems”, skim/scan thấy “sleep deprivation” dễ chọn. Nhưng các đoạn này tập trung vào học tập/attention/learning, không nhắc tai nạn giao thông.
Bẫy đoạn D: nói về thiết kế nghiên cứu và giờ ngủ, không có ý “car crashes/traffic accidents”.

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