Ethical and sustainable fashion IELTS Listening Answers with Explanation

Luyện tập đề IELTS Listening Practice với section Ethical and sustainable fashion được lấy từ cuốn sách IELTS CAM IELTS Practice Test 21 - Test 3 - Section 3 với trải nghiệm thi IELTS trên máy và giải thích đáp án chi tiết bằng Linearthinking, kèm list từ vựng IELTS cần học trong bài đọc.

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Ethical and sustainable fashion IELTS Listening Answers with Explanation

👂️ Audio and questions

Which TWO points do the speakers make about the terms 'ethical' and 'sustainable' fashion?

Their definitions keep changing

People think they mean the same thing

The term 'eco-friendly' is preferable

They are often used imprecisely

Companies should avoid using them on clothing labels

Which TWO claims about wool production do the speakers disagree with?

Sheep are generally well-treated

Wool is easy to recycle

Wool is a long-lasting fabric

Wool production involves few chemicals

Sheep do less environmental damage than other livestock

List of Findings

The production process is fuel efficient

It is the least sustainable of alternative fabrics

Production costs are high

It provides additional health benefits

It is not durable in the long-term

It needs to be produced in a certain way to be sustainable

Chemicals required for production can be reused

This is from a wholly sustainable source

Lyocell

Cupro

Bamboo

EcoVero

Cork

Hemp

❓ Transcript

Ethical and sustainable fashion

...:

You will hear part of a discussion between two textile students about their research into sustainable fashion.

...:

First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 24.

...:

Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 24.

STUDENT 1:

Shall we go through our research for our sustainable fashion project?

STUDENT 2:

Good idea.

STUDENT 2:

I think I've done enough reading now.

STUDENT 1:

Me too.

STUDENT 1:

I've learnt such a lot about what sustainability actually means.

STUDENT 2:

Mmm, same for me with ethical fashion.

STUDENT 2:

I didn't really appreciate the difference between that and sustainable fashion before doing this research.

STUDENT 1:

I know.

STUDENT 1:

Most people use these terms interchangeably, but in fact, the difference is quite distinct when you think about it.

STUDENT 1:

Sustainable relates to the environment, and ethical relates more to the way workers or animals are treated.

STUDENT 2:

I totally understand why people get confused, though.

STUDENT 2:

There are so many other terms used, like eco-friendly, which is actually quite meaningless.

STUDENT 1:

And the way companies use these terms when describing their products doesn't help.

STUDENT 1:

They're often deliberately vague, I think, and don't provide enough information about how their products are made.

STUDENT 2:

Yes.

STUDENT 1:

It was interesting to read about the debates surrounding wool production, and how ethical and sustainable that is.

STUDENT 1:

It's generally considered to be sustainable because it's a natural product.

STUDENT 2:

And it also lasts a long time and can be recycled.

STUDENT 2:

All very positive.

STUDENT 2:

But I wasn't convinced by the argument that wool production is sustainable because it doesn't use many chemicals.

STUDENT 2:

What about all the fungicides and insecticides used in sheep farming?

STUDENT 1:

Good point.

STUDENT 1:

And I couldn't find any evidence for the claim about sheep farming being better for the environment than cattle farming.

STUDENT 2:

No, they're both really bad.

STUDENT 2:

I read different reports about how unethical it is to even shear sheep.

STUDENT 2:

Some people say it's cruel, but as long as the sheep are kept in good condition, I can't see anything wrong with it.

STUDENT 1:

Me neither.

...:

Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 25 to 30.

...:

Now listen and answer questions 25 to 30.

STUDENT 2:

Shall we talk about some of the semi-synthetic new fabrics now?

STUDENT 1:

OK, let's do that.

STUDENT 2:

Let's start with lyacell.

STUDENT 2:

I've been reading about that.

STUDENT 1:

Yeah, that's the one produced from the pulp of eucalyptus trees, isn't it?

STUDENT 2:

Yes.

STUDENT 2:

And what happens with that is really impressive.

STUDENT 2:

Over 99% of dissolving agents used in the manufacturing process are used again.

STUDENT 1:

Yeah.

STUDENT 1:

Now, there are a few semi-synthetic fabrics that I'd never heard of, like cupro, for example.

STUDENT 2:

Made from byproducts of the cotton industry to create a kind of vegan silk.

STUDENT 2:

But I'm not sure how sustainable this really is, as there are so many reports of pollution caused by the manufacturing process.

STUDENT 1:

It doesn't compare favorably with all the other sustainable fabrics we've looked at, no.

STUDENT 2:

Bamboo is one fabric we're all familiar with, but I didn't know that it was only organic bamboo that's truly sustainable.

STUDENT 1:

Me neither.

STUDENT 1:

Apparently, the manufacturing process for a significant proportion of bamboo is chemically quite intensive, which obviously can be quite damaging.

STUDENT 2:

Ecoviral is an example of a semi-synthetic fabric which is becoming really popular.

STUDENT 1:

Probably because manufacturing causes 50% fewer emissions and takes up half as much energy as conventional fabrics.

STUDENT 1:

That saves production costs as well as being better for the environment.

STUDENT 2:

That's true.

STUDENT 2:

I think demand for cork will continue to grow.

STUDENT 2:

It works really well in vegan shoes and bags.

STUDENT 1:

And it's the only fabric that's fundamentally sustainable.

STUDENT 1:

The cork trees it comes from are renewable, and the product itself is both recyclable and biodegradable, which is unique.

STUDENT 2:

And the harvesting process is actually good for the trees.

STUDENT 2:

There are no downsides to using this source at all.

STUDENT 1:

Hemp is another really good sustainable fabric from a natural source.

STUDENT 2:

Yes.

STUDENT 2:

Did you know that clothes made from hemp protect the wearer from the sun?

STUDENT 2:

And it's also antibacterial.

STUDENT 1:

No, I didn't.

STUDENT 1:

But I did read that it's quite hard to grow, so perhaps that's why it's not as common as you'd think.

STUDENT 2:

I'm sure that'll change.

STUDENT 2:

Then there are...

...:

That is the end of Part 3.

...:

You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Part 3.

🔥 Answer key (đáp án và giải thích)

Giải thích chi tiết

❓ Câu hỏi: Which TWO points do the speakers make about the terms 'ethical' and 'sustainable' fashion?

✅ Đáp án đúng: B. People think they mean the same thing D. They are often used imprecisely

▶️ Bắt đầu nghe ở: Đoạn người nói bắt đầu đề cập đến sự khác nhau giữa “ethical fashion” và “sustainable fashion”, thường có tín hiệu như “I didn't really appreciate the difference…” hoặc “Most people use these terms interchangeably…”.

☺️ Giải thích đáp án:

Trước khi nghe, xác định từ khóa chính là terms, ethical, sustainable fashion, và points.
Đây là dạng Multiple Answer, nên cần nghe xem người nói nêu ra hai nhận xét riêng về cách các thuật ngữ này được hiểu và sử dụng.
Người nói nói: “Most people use these terms interchangeably”.
Từ interchangeably nghĩa là dùng thay thế cho nhau, suy ra mọi người nghĩ hai thuật ngữ này có nghĩa giống nhau.
Vì vậy, chọn B. People think they mean the same thing.
Sau đó, người nói giải thích rằng các công ty dùng những thuật ngữ này theo cách “deliberately vague” và “don't provide enough information”.
Điều này cho thấy các thuật ngữ đang được dùng một cách không chính xác / không rõ ràng / mơ hồ.
Vì vậy, chọn D. They are often used imprecisely.

🧐 Lưu ý: ❌ A. Their definitions keep changing => Bài nghe nói mọi người hay nhầm lẫn giữa hai khái niệm, không nói rằng định nghĩa của chúng thay đổi liên tục. ❌ C. The term 'eco-friendly' is preferable => Người nói lại cho rằng eco-friendly là từ khá vô nghĩa, nên đây chắc chắn không phải ý đúng. ❌ E. Companies should avoid using them on clothing labels => Bài nghe chỉ phê bình việc công ty dùng từ ngữ mơ hồ, không nói rằng họ nên tránh hoàn toàn việc dùng các thuật ngữ này trên nhãn.

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