Inclusive design IELTS Listening Answers With Audio, Transcript, And Explanation

Luyện tập đề IELTS Listening Practice với Inclusive design được lấy từ cuốn sách IELTS Cambridge 20 - Test 3 - Section 4 kèm Answer key, list từ vựng IELTS cần học trong bài đọc và Free PDF & Audio Transcript Download với trải nghiệm thi IELTS trên máy và giải thích đáp án chi tiết bằng Linearthinking.

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👂️ Audio and questions

Inclusive design

Definition 
Designing products that can be accessed by a diverse range of people without the need for any 
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Not the same as universal design: that is design for everyone, including catering for people with 
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 problems.
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Examples of inclusive design 
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 which are adjustable, avoiding back or neck problems.

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 in public toilets which are easier to use. 
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To assist the elderly:
Designers avoid using 
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 in interfaces.
People can make commands using a mouse, keyboard or their 
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Impact of non-inclusive designs 
Access
Loss of independence for disabled people.
Safety
Seatbelts are especially problematic for 
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 women.
PPE jackets are often unsuitable because of the size of women's 
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PPE for female 
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 officers dealing with emergencies is the worst. 
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Comfort in the workplace
The 
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 in offices is often too low for women.

❓ Transcript

Inclusive design

Part 4.

You will hear a design and technology lecturer talking about inclusive design.

First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.

Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.

It's only relatively recently that designers have become aware of the need to be inclusive when designing products.

But what does that mean exactly?

Well, it simply means designing products that span economic, social and cultural barriers.

It means making sure products are accessible so that as many different types of people as possible can use them without any type of adaptation having to be made to the original design.

Inclusive design is often linked with universal design, although they are not quite the same thing.

Universal design aims to make products that work for everyone, and that includes considering the needs of people who have cognitive difficulties, which can present quite a challenge.

Today, examples of successful inclusive design can be seen all around us.

In workplaces, it is common to see desks which can be adjusted to suit people of different heights, or for wheelchair users.

This still isn't always the case, however, and is one reason why office workers often suffer from back or neck problems.

You'll find another example in the public toilets of countless hotels, airports and offices.

Taps that you activate by sensor require no pressing or twisting movements.

These are not only more hygienic, they're also easier for people with dexterity or mobility issues.

The tech industry has been criticised in the past for focusing too much on young consumers, but this is changing.

Many products are now designed with the elderly in mind.

For example, it's well known that vision declines with age, and that we also become worse at distinguishing between similar colours.

In particular, shades of blue, which is why software designers rarely create interfaces with this colour.

Motor skills also decline with age, and some people have difficulty doing everyday things, like picking up a cup or opening a door.

This can also affect their ability to use a mouse or keyboard, so voice access is now a routine way of making commands.

It's worth looking at the problems non-inclusive designs cause when not enough consideration is given to a range of users, as it can have a serious impact on people's lives.

Access is one obvious example, because it has such a huge impact on disabled people's independence.

Not being able to access public transport because buses or trains are not wheelchair friendly, means many disabled people can't go out unless someone goes with them.

Safety is another issue.

Inexplicably, most cars are still crash-tested using a dummy based on an average-sized male.

This has safety implications for all women, particularly those who are pregnant, as the seatbelts worn by the dummy are not adapted to accommodate them.

Over the past 100 years, workplaces in the UK have, on the whole, become considerably safer.

Employers are legally required to provide well-maintained personal protective equipment, or PPE, anything from goggles to full bodysuits, to workers who need it free of charge.

But most PPE is designed to fit men.

A recent report found that employers often think that when it comes to female workers, all they need to do to comply with this legal requirement is to buy jackets, for example, designed for a small man.

The problem with this is that women can be tall and still have much smaller shoulders than the average man.

Ill-fitting PPE, such as high-vis jackets, vests and body armour, can put women at risk.

The report found that 95% of women said that their PPE often hampered their work, and that this problem was worst in the emergency services, particularly the police.

Another problem is related to comfort at work.

A very common scenario in offices in summertime is to see women wrapped in blankets or wearing sweaters while the air-conditioning is on high.

Meanwhile, the men are in shorts and T-shirts.

This is due to differences in metabolic rates for men and women.

There is a standard setting for air-conditioning to be at a temperature of 21 degrees, designed to suit men, and in most modern offices it's not possible to turn the air-conditioning up or down.

This means that many offices which mainly employ women are wasting energy by having the air-conditioning set too high.

As you can see from the examples I've just mentioned, there are serious consequences for designs which don't consider the needs of all users.

That is the end of Part 4.

You now have one minute to check your answers to Part 4.

That is the end of the listening test.

In the IELTS test, you would now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer sheet.

🔥 Answer key (đáp án và giải thích)

adaptation

Giải thích chi tiết

Hello Dolbie 🤩

Cùng chinh phục câu hỏi này nhé 😁

🎯Xác định loại từ cần điền: Chỗ trống cần điền là một danh từ, vì nó đứng sau "any" và là thứ mà thiết kế bao trùm không cần đến.

▶️ Thông tin cần nghe ở: đoạn 01:28 - 01:41 trong audio: "It means making sure products are accessible so that as many different types of people as possible can use them without any type of adaptation having to be made to the original design."

☺️ Cùng xem giải thích nhé: Người nói định nghĩa thiết kế bao trùm là đảm bảo sản phẩm có thể được sử dụng bởi nhiều người mà "without any type of adaptation having to be made" ("mà không cần phải thực hiện bất kỳ sự điều chỉnh nào").

→ Từ "adaptation" (sự điều chỉnh/thích nghi) khớp với chỗ trống, vì nó là điều không cần thiết khi thiết kế bao trùm.

✅ Đáp án đúng: adaptation

🧐 DOLBIE lưu ý:

❌ design

=> "Design" là khái niệm chung về việc thiết kế sản phẩm. Câu hỏi đang hỏi về thứ mà người dùng không cần đến để sử dụng sản phẩm một khi sản phẩm đã được thiết kế một cách bao trùm

=> "Adaptation" (sự điều chỉnh/thích nghi) mới là từ phù hợp, vì sản phẩm đã được thiết kế sẵn để mọi người dùng được mà không cần thay đổi gì thêm.

Chúc Dolbie học tốt và tự tin hơn trong bài thi IELTS nha 🥳💪

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